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Native to the United States, echinacea (Echinacea spp. which can be grown in USDA hardiness zones 3 - 9) and rudbeckia (Rudbeckia spp. zones 2 through 11) are two genera of herbaceous flowers also known as coneflowers. Both of these plants come from the aster plant family and produce long-stemmed flowers with daisy-like petals that surround a center shaped like a cone. Both echinacea and rudbeckia are easily adaptable to a variety of growing conditions, in addition to being low maintenance and free from most pests and diseases, although slugs and snails are often an issue. There are very few differences between these easy-to-grow wildflowers.
Few Differences
The differences between echinacea and rudbeckia are slight. Both flowers come from the same plant family and are very closely related. Both flowers bloom during the summer through the fall and require similar growing conditions, including full sun and well-draining soil. Echinacea and rudbeckia are both hardy flowers, tolerating drought and soils of poor fertility. In fact, these two genera are so similar that botanists occasionally use their names interchangeably, referring to species of echinacea as rudbeckia and vice versa.
Appearance
Perhaps the most marked difference between the two plants is in the color and appearance of the flower. Echinacea is typically pink and black or purple and black in color, while rudbeckia is a vibrant yellow or orange with a yellow or black center. The echinacea flower is also slightly larger, sometimes requiring support if the flower heads become too heavy. The petals of the rudbeckia flower also grow outward, while the petals of echinacea tend to curve down and outward from the center of the flower. Both flowers grow on long green stems with alternate leaves and a thick root system.
USDA Hardiness Zones
Echinacea and rudbeckia also have different ranges of climate zones. Rudbeckia tends to tolerate cooler climates than echinacea. Plant rudbeckia during the months of April and May in USDA zone 9. In zones 10 and 11, it can be planted as early as March, and again in the fall, during the months of October and November. Echinacea thrives in USDA plant hardiness zones 4 through 10. It is a year-round plant in USDA zones 7 through 10.
Common Names
Both Echinacea and rudbeckia use the common name “coneflower” interchangeably. Both plants are also referred to by their genus names. Common names for echinacea include “purple coneflower,” “hedge coneflower” or “purple Echinacea.” The word 'echinacea' comes from “echinos,” the Greek word for hedgehog. Echinacea was nicknamed after this animal due to its spikey, hair-like foliage at the base of the plant.
Common names for rudbeckia include “gloriosa daisy”, “conedisk” and “black-eyed Susan.” There are roughly 25 different species of Rudbeckia, some of which are perennials, while others are annuals or biennials.
Echinacea and Black Eyed Susan Facts
Echinacea is a perennial flower of nine species, some planted for aesthetic value while others have practical applications. The most common among gardeners is echinacea purpurea, due to the large purple flowers it produces. Echinacea purpurea, along with echinacea pallida and echinacea augustifolia, is used in herbal medicine.
Rudbeckia Species
There are roughly 25 different species of rudbeckia, some of which are perennials, while others are annuals or biennials. Pink rudbeckia flowers are common. Many rudbeckia species are found growing naturally throughout the United States, Mexico and Canada.
The annual rudbeckia species amplexicaulis, also called the clasping coneflower, grows naturally as a self-seeding wildflower throughout the Southeastern U.S. The brown-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia triloba Full pipe snowboard. ) is a short-lived perennial or biennial plant that thrives in USDA plant hardiness zones 4 through 7. This aesthetically pleasing wildflower has a deep black center that turns to brown during the growing season.
References (2)
Common Name: Coneflower
Genus: Rudbeckia
Species: fulgida
Cultivar: var. sullivantii 'Goldsturm'
Skill Level: Beginner
Exposure: Full sun, Partial shade
Hardiness: Hardy
Soil type: Well-drained/light, Clay/heavy, Moist
Height: 60cm
Spread: 60cm
Time to divide plants: September to March
Flowering period: August to October
The 13cm (5in) wide, black-eyed, single, yellow daisy flowers of Rudbeckia fulgida var. sullvantii 'Goldsturm' are what make it one of many gardeners' top ten perennials. This variety has an incredibly long flowering season, from mid-summer right through to the middle of autumn when the first severe frosts arrive. The plant is short enough not to need staking, and does not spread so fast that frequent division is necessary, making it a very easy-care plant. Use it between other plants in a flower border, as it tolerates light shade, to extend the flowering season late into the year. The Royal Horticultural Society has given it its Award of Garden Merit (AGM).
Looks good with:
Aster x frikartii 'Monch'Verbena bonariensis